Aye aye 'heats up' middle finger

17 January 2012 Last updated at 01:12 By Ella Davies Reporter, BBC Nature

Madagascar's mysterious aye aye warms up its extra-long finger when searching for dinner, scientists have found.

The lemur, the world's largest nocturnal primate, taps its specialised middle finger on tree trunks to find nutritious beetle larvae.

Studying thermal images, researchers found that the digit was colder than the others but warmed by up to 6C during foraging.

Scientists suggest that the aye aye saves energy by keeping the digit cool.

The findings are published in the International Journal of Primatology.

Continue reading the main story

FINGER FACTS

• The aye aye's middle finger is long and very thin - less than half the width of its other digits
• It has a ball and socket joint so it is far more flexible when it comes to extracting grubs from trees
• The finger is also used for grooming, scraping out coconuts and drinking. The animal uses it to move water or nectar rapidly into its mouth

The team from Dartmouth University in New Hampshire, US, wanted to investigate the surface temperature of sensitive structures.

The aye aye's unusual middle finger has already been found to be super-sensitive to vibrations, so provided the perfect subject for their study.

"It was striking to see how much cooler the third digit was while not in use and how quickly it warmed to [match] the other digits when engaged in an active foraging task," said graduate student Gillian Moritz, who carried out the study under the guidance of her supervisor, Dr Nathaniel Dominy.

Black and white

When not in use, the finger appeared black on thermal images. This indicated a large difference in temperature between it and the white (hot) ears and eyes.

But when the animal was looking for food, the finger rose in temperature by up to 6C.

"We think the relatively cooler temperatures of the digit when not in use could be related to its [long, thin] form," said Ms Moritz.

"This form results in a relatively high surface-to-volume ratio [but] such a ratio is bad for retaining heat."

In order to sense the vibrations of beetle larvae through the bark of a tree, the finger is "packed with sensitive nerve endings", the scientist explained.

Because of its specialist sense receptors, using this tapping tool is very costly in terms of energy.

"Like any delicate instrument, it is probably best deactivated when not in use," Ms Moritz told BBC Nature.

Kink in the flow

The question of how the lemur controls the heat of a single digit remains unclear.

Ms Moritz suggested two explanations. The first was simply that the blood vessels that supplied the digit could be constricted or dilated.

The second more unusual possibility, she said, was that the creature might employ temperature control method that was linked to the flexibility of its finger.

Ms Moritz explained: "Because the finger is fragile and vulnerable to injury, it is often extended back and out of the way during locomotion and periods of inactivity," she said.

This extension could cause a "kink" in the artery that supplies warm blood to the digit.

Continue reading the main story

?Start Quote

Like any delicate instrument, it is probably best deactivated when not in use?

End Quote Gillian Moritz Dartmouth University

In the same way a bent garden hose supplies less water, the artery could supply less blood, keeping the finger much colder than its fully supplied neighbouring digits.

Aye ayes are the only primates known to have this strange adaptation.

The species is listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), mainly because of threats to its habitat.

But the odd-looking primate also suffers direct persecution. Superstition in Madagascar describes the species as a bad omen. Those that are pointed at by the creature's mysterious finger are said to meet their death.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/16577537

rhodes scholarship ufc 139 results lee corso lee corso thanksgiving appetizers greg jennings thanksgiving recipes

RSS Feed Search Engine - Real-Time Search Powered by FeedRank

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://www.rssmicro.com/rss.web?q=DoS

december 21 2012 nfl draft 2012 rose bowl 2012 nfl playoff picture nfl playoff picture ryan seacrest sat cheating scandal

Project to pour water into volcano to make power (AP)

Geothermal energy developers plan to pump 24 million gallons of water into the side of a dormant volcano in Central Oregon this summer to demonstrate new technology they hope will give a boost to a green energy sector that has yet to live up to its promise.

They hope the water comes back to the surface fast enough and hot enough to create cheap, clean electricity that isn't dependent on sunny skies or stiff breezes ? without shaking the earth and rattling the nerves of nearby residents.

Renewable energy has been held back by cheap natural gas, weak demand for power and waning political concern over global warming. Efforts to use the earth's heat to generate power, known as geothermal energy, have been further hampered by technical problems and worries that tapping it can cause earthquakes.

Even so, the federal government, Google and other investors are interested enough to bet $43 million on the Oregon project. They are helping AltaRock Energy, Inc. of Seattle and Davenport Newberry Holdings LLC of Stamford, Conn., demonstrate whether the next level in geothermal power development can work on the flanks of Newberrry Volcano, located about 20 miles south of Bend, Ore.

"We know the heat is there," said Susan Petty, president of AltaRock. "The big issue is can we circulate enough water through the system to make it economic."

The heat in the earth's crust has been used to generate power for more than a century. Engineers gather hot water or steam that bubbles near the surface and use it to spin a turbine that creates electricity. Most of those areas have been exploited. The new frontier is places with hot rocks, but no cracks in the rocks or water to deliver the steam.

To tap that heat ? and grow geothermal energy from a tiny niche into an important source of green energy ? engineers are working on a new technology called Enhanced Geothermal Systems.

"To build geothermal in a big way beyond where it is now requires new technology, and that is where EGS comes in," said Steve Hickman, a research geophysicist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, Calif.

Wells are drilled deep into the rock and water is pumped in, creating tiny fractures in the rock, a process known as hydroshearing.

Cold water is pumped down production wells into the reservoir, and the steam is drawn out.

Hydroshearing is similar to the process known as hydraulic fracturing, used to free natural gas from shale formations. But fracking uses chemical-laden fluids, and creates huge fractures. Pumping fracking wastewater deep underground for disposal likely led to recent earthquakes in Arkansas and Ohio.

Fears persist that cracking rock deep underground through hydroshearing can also lead to damaging quakes. EGS has other problems. It is hard to create a reservoir big enough to run a commercial power plant.

Progress has been slow. Two small plants are online in France and Germany. A third in downtown Basel, Switzerland, was shut down over earthquake complaints. A project in Australia has had drilling problems.

A new international protocol is coming out at the end of this month that urges EGS developers to keep projects out of urban areas, the so-called "sanity test," said Ernie Majer, a seismologist with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. It also urges developers to be upfront with local residents so they know exactly what is going on.

AltaRock hopes to demonstrate a new technology for creating bigger reservoirs that is based on the plastic polymers used to make biodegradable cups.

It worked in existing geothermal fields. Newberry will show if it works in a brand new EGS field, and in a different kind of geology, volcanic rock, said Colin Williams, a USGS geophysicist also in Menlo Park.

The U.S. Department of Energy has given the project $21.5 million in stimulus funds. That has been matched by private investors, among them Google with $6.3 million.

Majer said the danger of a major quake at Newbery is very low. The area is a kind of seismic dead zone, with no significant faults. It is far enough from population centers to make property damage unlikely. And the layers of volcanic ash built up over millennia dampen any shaking.

But the Department of Energy will be keeping a close eye on the project, and any significant quakes would shut it down at least temporarily, he said. The agency is also monitoring EGS projects at existing geothermal fields in California, Nevada and Idaho.

"That's the $64,000 question," Majer said. "What's the biggest earthquake we can have from induced seismicity that the public can worry about."

Geologists believe Newberry Volcano was once one of the tallest peaks in the Cascades, reaching an elevation of 10,000 feet and a diameter of 20 miles. It blew its top before the last Ice Age, leaving a caldera studded with towering lava flows, two lakes, and 400 cinder cones, some 400 feet tall.

Although the volcano has not erupted in 1,300 years, hot rocks close to the surface drew exploratory wells in the 1980s.

Over 21 days, AltaRock will pour 800 gallons of water per minute into the 10,600-foot test well, already drilled, for a total of 24 million gallons. According to plan, the cold water cracks the rock. The tiny plastic particles pumped down the well seal off the cracks. Then more cold water goes in, bypassing the first tier, and cracking the rock deeper in the well. That tier is sealed off, and cold water cracks a third section. Later, the plastic melts away.

Seismic sensors produce detailed maps of the fracturing, expected to produce a reservoir of cracks starting about 6,000 feet below the surface, and extending to 11,000 feet. It would be about 3,300 feet in diameter.

The U.S. Bureau of Land Management released an environmental assessment of the Newberry project last month that does not foresee any problems that would stop it. The agency is taking public comments before making a final decision in coming months.

No power plant is proposed, but one could be operating in about 10 years, said Doug Perry, president and CEO of Davenport Newberry.

EGS is attractive because it vastly expands the potential for geothermal power, which, unlike wind and solar, produces power around the clock in any weather.

Natural geothermal resources account for about 0.3 percent of U.S. electricity production, but a 2007 Massachusetts Institute of Technology report projected EGS could bump that to 10 percent within 50 years, at prices competitive with fossil-fuels.

Few people expect that kind of timetable now. Electricity prices have fallen sharply because of low natural gas prices and weak demand brought about by the Great Recession and state efficiency programs.

But the resource is vast. A 2008 USGS assessment found EGS throughout the West, where hot rocks are closer to the surface than in the East, has the potential to produce half the country's electricity.

"The important question we need to answer now," said Williams, the USGS geophysicist who compiled the assessment, "is how geothermal fits into the renewable energy picture, and how EGS fits. How much it is going to cost, and how much is available."

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/environment/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120115/ap_on_re_us/us_geothermal_volcano

bcs standings bcs standings douglas fir jim boeheim jim boeheim bill of rights toys r us

Jimmy Carter on Egypt, the Arab Spring... and Tebow (Time.com)

Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter was in Egypt this week as part of his Carter Center's mission to monitor Egypt's first parliamentary elections. In between his meetings with various Egyptian political leaders and government officials, he sat down with TIME's Abigail Hauslohner to answer a few questions about Egypt's rocky transition, the Arab Spring -- and Tim Tebow.

TIME: We saw you out at a polling station yesterday. You said that the elections had been very successful so far.
Carter: So far, but you know. (SPECIAL: The Middle East in Revolt)

What's your biggest concern about what's ahead for Egypt, and how were those concerns addressed when you met with General Tantawy and other Egyptian officials?
Well, as you know we've been here since November and we hope to be here and expect to be here all the way through June when the president is finally elected after the new constitution is formed. So it's in the early stages of the election. But I think that meeting with Egyptians from different political parties and from human rights organizations and so forth that everyone has been pleasantly surprised by the quality of elections so far. There have been a lot of problems. There have been complaints made. And the biggest objection has been that the complaints have not been adequately addressed. But in general, I haven't heard any allegations that the mistakes made have been designed by anyone to favor one candidate over one of the other candidates. They've just been honest mistakes. So, so far, to summarize, we are pleased with the results of elections. It still has a long way to go. And I think they will simplify the process in the near future. For instance, in the future, they will not bring all the boxes to a central location for counting, which has created a lot of unnecessary problems. But even in the election of the shura [the upper house of the Egyptian parliament], the votes will be counted at the polling places. So they're making some changes brought about by their own experience in making mistakes.

What kind of challenges do you see Egypt facing in its transition, in terms of military rule?
Well the biggest question that has to be resolved is: who's going to control the government of Egypt in the future? Is it going to be the military, as it has been for 60-something years, or is it going to be the officials who have been elected by the people of Egypt? And my hope, obviously, is that it'll be a democracy. And that the people elected will have control of the government, including all aspects of the government -- foreign affairs, collection of taxes, and the writing of laws -- and that the military will relinquish this political control. And as you know, the public statements of SCAF [Supreme Council of the Armed Forces] leaders have been that they want to get out of the political side of it. So the details of how much privilege the military will enjoy in the country in the future still have to be worked out.

Now you've been asked about the Islamists -- the fact that they now dominate parliament. And you said that it was an accurate representation of what the Egyptian people wanted.
The ones who voted.

Right, the ones who voted. Would you see that any differently if this newly elected government opts to abandon Camp David?
There is no chance of that in the world, in my opinion. (PHOTOS: 60 Years of Israel)

Why?
Because the peace treaty that I helped negotiate between Israel and Egypt is so precious and so beneficial to Egypt [that] to renounce it and to take a chance on going back to war with Israel -- as they did four times in the 25 years before I became president -- is almost inconceivable. And even the Muslim Brotherhood has made public statements in the past that they support the continuation of the treaty. There is one element of the Camp David accords that has been abandoned in the past, even in Egypt, and that is the protection of the Palestinian rights. This was a major part of the agreement that I worked out with [Israeli Prime Minister Menachem] Begin and [Egyptian President Anwar] Sadat 30-something years ago... peace between Israel and Egypt and protection of Palestinian rights. And even the Egyptian leaders in the past few years have not honored their commitment to protect Palestinian rights. And I think that will be one change made by the future civilian government.

The fall of Mubarak has stirred up a lot of debate about different aspects of Camp David -- not just questions of whether Egypt will continue to honor Camp David, but other whether the exact terms of the agreement are out of date or need to be revised. Egyptians will tell you that the trade agreements are unfair; that the $1.3 billion dollars a year in military aid is perhaps misguided for a country trying to overcome an authoritarian regime.
That had nothing to do with Camp David. That didn't come until the late 1980s. There was no commitment of any finances going to Egypt as the result of the Camp David Accords. The only finances that resulted from the Camp David Accords was what I agreed: that the United States would help pay for the cost of demolishing the two air bases that Israel had in the Sinai. And that money went to Israel. There was no request by Sadat and no commitment by me or the United States government to give any financial aid to Egypt.

PHOTOS: Heartbreak in the Middle East

PHOTOS: TIME's Pictures of the Week

Well what do you think about the aid? Is that something that needs to continue?
I believe that Egypt has now suffered so severely from the revolutionary causes that they need financial assistance from the United States and from the Arab world as well, yes.

To the military.
To the government. Yeah, I wouldn't say just to the military, but to the general economy of Egypt.

Looking specifically at the military aid though.
Well part of the budget that goes into Egypt will be devoted to the military. But we met yesterday with the prime minister who is suffering severely for the need, he says, of $10 billion in the next three months in order just to meet their debts. And of course the alternative is to dramatically reduce the expenditure of the government. For instance on subsidies of bread and subsidies for fuel. Which could precipitate an uprising by the people. As we see recently in Nigeria. Today as a matter of fact. So yes, I think the U.S. aid should come to Egypt even though part of it--I think a small part of it--would go to the military. (PHOTOS: Iran's Presidential Elections and Their Turbulent Aftermath)

I want to talk a bit about the Arab Spring, and how you view U.S. policy throughout the past year and whether you would have done anything differently. Do you think President Obama's intervention in Libya was a success, and why do you think the administration has differed in its approach to Syria?
Well there's an infinite difference between Syria -- and its ancient heritage, its strength, its influence in the Arab world -- and Libya which was basically out on a limb by itself. Nobody in the rest of the Arab world really cared about maintaining the integrity of the Gaddafi regime. And even some of the Arab countries, as you know, participated in the NATO [intervention]. I think that President Obama went into Libya in a very reluctant fashion, following the lead of France and Great Britain through NATO. We played a limited role in Libya compared to what France did for instance. And it has turned out so far successfully in the overthrow of the Gaddafi regime. We don't know what's going to happen in the future but democracy and freedom. And obviously in Tunisia, that wasn't necessary for us to intercede. The Carter Center monitored the election in Tunisia: very successful so far. But I don't think there's any inclination on the part of NATO or any member of NATO or the Arab countries to intercede militarily in Syria. And the hope is to work through the Arab League -- which is a weak reed, I know, and they don't have a powerful force -- to ... to bring about some reconciliation there. But whether they'll be successful, nobody knows.

And if it's not successful?
Well if it's not successful, in the worst case it could degenerate into a civil war in Syria, which would be devastating, even compared to recent experiences.

And at some point would the western world, would NATO or the United States, be justified in lending a hand in Syria the way it did in Libya?
No, I don't think so. I don't think that's likely at all. (LIST: Top 10 World News Stories of 2011)

You mentioned the peace process and how certain partners in it haven't fulfilled their promises to the Palestinians. What do you think it would take to get that back on track?
Strong leadership from the United States, and cooperation with Egypt in the effort to orchestrate reconciliation between the Palestinians -- between the two major factions in Palestine, which the United States has opposed in the past, and elections in Palestine. And a singular and strong Palestinian voice to negotiate directly with Israel on the key issues to effectuate a two state solution.

One more question, not about the Middle East, but about Tim Tebow, the football sensation. As an evangelical president, what do you make of the Tim Tebow phenomenon?
[Laughs] I don't criticize or condemn his ostentatious show of his religious faith. You know, it may be excessive in the eyes of some people. I've watched him on the football field when he's had a notable success with a long pass or a with a touchdown. But he has a right to do that if it's within the rules of the National Football League, and I've seen the same thing happen on the baseball field. There, some of the most notable baseball players on earth... every time they get in the batter's box they make [the sign of the] cross or make some other symbol as though they're making a prayer. So it may be excessive, but he has a right to do it. And if the NFL wants to, they can make rules, because they do punish players that do excessive celebration after they score a touchdown, as you know. There's a penalty involved. They can do the same thing if they wish. It's up to them.

SPECIAL: TIME's 2011 Person of the Year: The Protester

LIST: Top 10 Pictures of the Year of 2011

View this article on Time.com

Most Popular on Time.com:

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/religion/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/time/20120113/wl_time/08599210422800

oklahoma state university badgers badgers nbc sports network mendenhall demarcus cousins mount rainier

FDA sends user-fee recommendations to Congress (Reuters)

WASHINGTON (Reuters) ? U.S. health regulators said on Friday they have submitted to Congress new recommendations for how manufacturers will help fund their review of new branded drugs, conventional generic medicines and a new generation of generic biotech treatments.

At the same time, they have still not finalized how such "user fee" programs will apply to a review of medical devices.

Under a user fee program, manufacturers pay to fund part of the Food and Drug Administration's review process, helping speed the decision of whether to bring new drugs to the U.S. market.

The FDA in return commits to certain performance goals, including the review of a certain percentage of drug applications in a set time.

"At a time of greater budgetary constraint, user fees provide a critical way for leveraging appropriated dollars, ensuring that the FDA has the resources needed to conduct reviews in a timely fashion," FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in a statement.

The programs include the fifth authorization of the Prescription Drug User Fee Act, or PDUFA. PDUFA was enacted by Congress in 1992 and must be reauthorized every five years to govern the review of new prescription drugs.

Two new programs proposed for conventional generic drugs and for generic biotech drugs, or "biosimilars," are modeled on the act. The FDA said it received 800 to 900 new generic-drug related applications annually. Drugmakers have sought clarity on the biosimilar guidelines before building up that new segment of the industry.

Medical device makers have clashed with the FDA over the agency's request for higher user fees. FDA spokeswoman Karen Riley said the discussions were continuing, with a deadline set for Sunday.

The fees for devices and drugs provide about a third of the FDA's funding.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/biotech/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20120113/hl_nm/us_fda_fees

lindsey vonn josef stalin kourtney and kim take new york anne hathaway nathan hale kohls coupons joe kapp

Analysis: Romney's GOP critics will get more heat (AP)

WASHINGTON ? Mitt Romney's back-to-back victories in Iowa and New Hampshire will force his weak-but-still-standing GOP rivals to make a crucial decision: Keep eviscerating the man that many see as the inevitable nominee, or temper their criticisms and dampen whatever hopes they have of overtaking him.

"President Obama wants to put free enterprise on trial. In the last few days, we have seen some desperate Republicans join forces with him," Romney said in his victory speech Tuesday night, chastising his critics while acting as though he is already the nominee. "This is such a mistake for our party and for our nation."

The former Massachusetts governor's easy win in the New Hampshire primary comes just as two of his opponents have opened the most scathing line of attack yet in the Republican contest. Seizing on Romney's record at the venture capital firm Bain Capital, they are painting him as a heartless profit-seeker who shuttered dozens of workplaces in the 1980s and `90s, laying off thousands of workers.

The attacks have delighted President Barack Obama's backers as they brace for an election focused on jobs. They planned all along to bash Romney with the Bain legacy and are happy to see Republicans get it started.

But the events have alarmed a cross section of establishment Republicans and conservative leaders who feel Romney can beat Obama next fall if he's not badly bloodied in a nominating process he has led from the start.

With New Hampshire over, the campaigning now moves to South Carolina. It has a history of brutal, even nasty campaigning in GOP primaries. It also has a much higher unemployment rate than Iowa and New Hampshire. Both factors might make the state fertile ground for rivals to depict him as a millionaire politician who vacuumed money out of companies and tossed them aside.

"We are quickly approaching the moment when GOP leaders will announce or reaffirm their support for the front-runner and call for a civil tone in the debate so the focus can be directed toward the current officeholder," said Republican consultant Danny Diaz.

A group backing former House Speaker Newt Gingrich plans to air TV ads showing distraught people who say they lost their jobs to Bain's restructuring practices during Romney's tenure years ago. Texas Gov. Rick Perry on Tuesday likened Bain to vultures that ruin people's lives.

And former Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman, who finished third in New Hampshire, has taken a similar line of attack. He berated Romney for telling a breakfast group Monday: "I like being able to fire people who provide services to me."

Romney was talking about underperforming insurance companies. But his ill-timed remark played into the Bain narrative of a tycoon who doesn't mind killing jobs in the name of efficiency and profits.

The exchanges have triggered an intraparty debate about free enterprise. That debate should not be allowed to scorch the party's frontrunner, Romney's allies say.

"It's a sad day in South Carolina and across this country if Republicans are talking against the free market," said South Carolina Gov. Nikki Haley. "The free market is being able to hire and fire and do what you need to in terms of being a business or a consumer."

GOP consultant Terry Holt, said, "the last 48 hours have been about skinning Romney. But he comes out of New Hampshire stronger and looking more like the nominee, not less."

New Hampshire voters, Holt said, "might have helped inoculate Romney from future Bain Capital attacks."

Gingrich may be the central player in the drama. Friends say he has every right to fume over hard-hitting attack ads that seriously damaged him in Iowa. A group backing Romney aired the ads, and Romney refused Gingrich's pleas to denounce them.

Campaigning in New Hampshire, Gingrich seemed eager to fire back. He said Bain "apparently looted the companies, left people totally unemployed and walked off with millions of dollars."

Among those condemning Gingrich's attacks were conservative radio host Rush Limbaugh, a frequent Romney critic.

"Newt is parroting what The New York Times is writing about Romney," Limbaugh said on a recent broadcast. "This is payback time. It drove him nuts, that series of ads that Romney's super PAC ran in Iowa, and this is the result of it."

Some veteran Republicans are urging calm. Primaries always turn rough, they say, noting that Hillary Rodham Clinton showed little mercy on Obama in 2008.

Others, however, said the pro-Gingrich group is going too far with TV attack ads based on a movie that rips Romney's record at Bain.

"We've seen it time and again," said Phyllis Woods, New Hampshire's Republican National committeewoman. "The Democrats tape it, preserve it and regurgitate it in their own campaigns."

___

EDITOR'S NOTE ? Charles Babington covers politics for The Associated Press.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/politics/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120111/ap_on_an/us_gop_campaign_analysis

meteor shower bachmann bachmann dan savage iowa caucus results sickle cell trait michigan football

Samsung Galaxy S III Rilis Februari Tahun Ini

SEPERTI dilansir dari InternationalBusinessTimes, Samsung Galaxy S III akan segera meluncur pada Februari tahun ini. Peluncurannya sendiri bersamaan dengan perhelatan Mobile World Congress 2012 yang akan berlangsung di Barcelona, Spanyol.

Pada ajang yang sama, Samsung juga meluncurkan saudara tuanya, Samsung Galaxy S II. Dilaporkan, Galaxy S III akan membenamkan prosesor quad core berukuran 32 nanomenter, dengan arsitektur ARM Cortex A9.

Ponsel Android ini akan dibekali RAM sebesar 2GB (lebih besar dari Samsung Galaxy S II), sehingga diharapkan semakin multitasking dan permainan di dalamnya lebih efektif.

Ponsel pintar ini yang tampil dengan sistem operasi Ice Cream Sandwich tersebut, dilengkapi juga dengan kamera 12 megapiksel dan layar super AMOLED Plus berukuran 4.6 inci serta resolusi 1280x720 piksel dan didukung LTE.

(maya/CN19)

Bagi Anda pengguna ponsel, nikmati berita terkini lewat http://m.suaramerdeka.com
Dapatkan SM launcher untuk BlackBerry http://m.suaramerdeka.com/bb/bblauncher/SMLauncher.jad

Source: http://suaramerdeka.com/v1/index.php/read/gaya/2011/12/28/1351

gwar guitarist tower heist daylight savings time humpback whale humpback whale barrel roll anagram